math

The math library gives you access to common math operations that Python doesn’t have built-in.

import math

Common Functions

math.sqrt() — Square Root

math.sqrt(25)   # 5.0
math.sqrt(2)    # 1.4142135623730951

math.floor() and math.ceil() — Rounding

floor() rounds down, ceil() rounds up.

math.floor(4.9)  # 4
math.ceil(4.1)   # 5

math.abs() — Absolute Value

Actually, absolute value is just a built-in — use abs() without importing math:

abs(-7)   # 7
abs(3)    # 3

math.pow() — Exponents

math.pow(2, 8)   # 256.0

You can also use the ** operator for the same thing:

2 ** 8   # 256

Constants

math also includes a few useful constants:

math.pi    # 3.141592653589793
math.e     # 2.718281828459045
math.inf   # infinity

Try it out